EIDAUTH-004: Users with Only SMS/Voice MFA Methods

Platform
Entra ID / M365
Category
Entra ID Authentication Methods & MFA
Severity
High
Zero Trust pillar
Identity (weight 2)
Golden fixtures
3
Branch coverage
Observed: fixtures prove the verdicts they exercise
Provenance
baseline

What it checks

Users relying solely on SMS or voice-based MFA are vulnerable to SIM swap attacks, where attackers social-engineer mobile carriers to transfer a victim's phone number, and SS7 signaling protocol attacks that intercept SMS messages in transit. These methods provide significantly weaker protection than app-based or hardware token authentication. Organizations should identify and migrate these users to phishing-resistant methods.

Recommended value

No users relying exclusively on SMS or voice as their only MFA method

Remediation

Identify users with only SMS/voice MFA via Entra ID > Protection > Authentication methods > User registration details. Create a migration plan to move these users to Microsoft Authenticator or FIDO2 security keys. Consider disabling SMS/voice as allowed methods in the authentication methods policy after migration is complete.

Fixture-proven verdicts

Every verdict below is proven by a golden fixture in the module's gating test suite. This table derives from the last green run; it cannot be edited by hand.

Verdict scenarios for EIDAUTH-004
ScenarioExpected verdict
cleanPASS
known-badWARN
no-dataNot Assessed

Framework mappings

CISA SCuBA
MS.AAD.3.5v2
NIST SP 800-53
IA-2(1)
CIS M365 Benchmark
5.2.2.4
MITRE ATT&CK
T1111, T1078